MUSCLES 2

Pectoralis major muscle

Latin	Musculus pectoralis major
Gray's	subject #122 436
Origin	Clavicular head: anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle. Sternocostal head: anterior surface of the sternum, the superior six costal cartilages, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle
Insertion	Lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus
Artery	pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk
Nerve	lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve Clavicular head: C5 and C6 Sternocostal head: C7, C8 and T1
Actions	Clavicular head: flexes the humerus Sternocostal head: extends the humerus As a whole, adducts and medially rotates the humerus. It also draws the scapula anteriorly and inferiorly.
MeSH	Pectoralis+Muscles

Pectoralis minor muscle

Latin	musculus pectoralis minor
Gray's	subject #122 438
Origin	third to fifth ribs, near their costal cartilages
Insertion	medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula
Artery	pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk
Nerve	medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
Actions	stabilizes the scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall

Serratus anterior muscle

Latin	musculus serratus anterior, serratus lateralis
Gray's	subject #122 438
Origin	fleshy slips from the outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs
Insertion	costal aspect of medial margin of the scapula
Artery	lateral thoracic artery (upper part), thoracodorsal artery (lower part)
Nerve	long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5, 6, 7)
Actions	protracts and stabilizes scapula, assists in upward rotation.
Antagonist	Rhomboid major, Rhomboid minor, Trapezius

 

Subclavius muscle

Latin	musculus subclavius
Gray's	subject #122 438
Origin	first rib
Insertion	subclavian groove of clavicle
Artery	thoracoacromial trunk, clavicular branch
Nerve	nerve to subclavius
Actions	depression of clavicle

Platysma muscle

The platysma is a superficial muscle that

  overlaps the sternocleidomastoid.

Origin	subcutaneous tissue of infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions
Insertion	base of mandible; skin of cheek and lower lip; angle of mouth; orbicularis oris
Artery	branches of the Submental artery and Suprascapular artery
Nerve	cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)
Actions	Draws the corners of the mouth inferiorly and widens it (as in expressions of sadness and fright). Also draws the skin of the neck superiorly when teeth are clenched

 

 

 

MUSCLES

Trapezius muscle

Origin	external occipital protuberance,nuchal ligament, medial superior nuchal line, spinous processes ofvertebrae C7-T12
Insertion	posterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle, acromion process, andspine of scapula
Artery	Variation 1- superficial branch of transverse cervical artery or Variation 2 - superficial cervical artery [1]
Nerve	accessory nerve (motor) cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4 (motor and sensation)
Actions	rotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of scapula
Antagonist	serratus anterior muscle, Latissimus dorsi

 

External occipital protuberance 

 

 

 

Nuchal ligament

 

The paxwax or nuchal ligament (ligamentum nuchae in Latin) is a fibrous membrane, which, in the neck, represents the supraspinal ligaments of the upper verte

bræ.  

Accessory nerve

In anatomy, the accessory nerve is anerve that controls specific muscles of the shoulder and neck.

Latissimus dorsi muscle

 

Origin	spinous processes of thoracic T7-L5,thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs, inferior angle of scapula
Insertion	floor of intertubercular groove of thehumerus
Artery	thoracodorsal branch of the subscapular artery
Nerve	Thoracodorsal nerve
Actions	adducts, extends and internally rotates the arm
Antagonist	deltoid, trapezius

  

Iliac crest

The crest of the ilium (or iliac crest) is the superior border of the wing of ilium and the superolateral margin of the greater pelvis

Thoracolumbar fascia 

Thoracodorsal nerve

The thoracodorsal nerve is a nerve present in humans and other animals. It is also known as the middle subscapular nerve or the long subscapular nerve. It supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle.

It arises from the brachial plexus. It derives its fibers from the sixth, seventh, and eighth cervical nerves

Levator scapulae muscle

Origin	Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 - C4 vertebrae
Insertion	Superior part of medial border of scapula
Artery	dorsal scapular artery
Nerve	cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
Actions	Elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

 

Posterior tubercle of cervical vertebra

The posterior arch of a cervical vertebra forms about two-fifths of the circumference of the ring: it ends behind in the posterior tubercle, which is the rudiment of a spinous process and gives origin to the Recti capitis posteriores minores.

The diminutive size of this process prevents any interference with the movements between the atlas and the skull.

Dorsal scapular nerve

The dorsal scapular nerve arises from the brachial plexus, usually from the plexus root (anterior/ventral ramus) of C5.

Rhomboid minor muscle

Origin	nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7–T1
Insertion	medial border of scapula
Artery	dorsal scapular artery
Nerve	dorsal scapular nerve (C4–5)
Actions	Retracts and rotates scapula, fixes scapula to thoracic wall
Antagonist	serratus anterior